Axial CT Scan of face - Surface Landmarks

• An axial CT (Computed Tomography) scan of the face is a valuable diagnostic tool that provides detailed cross-sectional images of the facial region. 
• These images help clinicians and radiologists identify various structures, assess abnormalities, and plan treatments. 
• During the interpretation of an axial CT scan of the face, several surface landmarks are essential for reference. 
• These landmarks serve as points of reference and aid in the accurate localization of anatomical structures and pathologies. 
• Here are some of the key surface landmarks in an axial CT scan of the face:
• External Auditory Meatus (External Ear Canal): The external auditory meatus is the opening of the ear canal and serves as an important reference point for locating structures within the temporal bone.
• Orbit: The bony socket that houses the eye is known as the orbit. It's a prominent feature on an axial CT scan and is crucial for evaluating orbital pathology and fractures.
• Nasal Septum: The nasal septum is the dividing wall between the right and left nostrils. It can be easily identified in the midline of the face.
• Maxillary Sinuses: These air-filled cavities are found in the maxilla (upper jaw) and can be seen on both sides of the nasal cavity. They appear as dark, air-filled spaces.
• Zygomatic Arch: The zygomatic arch is formed by the zygomatic bone (cheekbone) and the temporal bone. It serves as an important reference for locating structures within the cheek region.
• Mandibular Condyle: The mandibular condyle is part of the lower jaw (mandible) and articulates with the temporal bone. It can be seen in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region.
• Hyoid Bone: The hyoid bone is located in the neck region, just below the mandible. It's important for assessing the airway and adjacent structures.
• Thyroid Cartilage: The thyroid cartilage, also known as the Adam's apple, is a landmark in the neck region and aids in identifying structures in the throat.
• Cervical Vertebrae: The cervical spine can be seen in the lower part of the axial CT scan, and it serves as a reference point for neck anatomy.
• Nasal Bone: The nasal bone forms the bridge of the nose and can be identified in the midline of the facial region.
• These surface landmarks are crucial for understanding the orientation and location of various structures within the face when interpreting an axial CT scan. 
• They provide a framework for clinicians to accurately assess and diagnose conditions related to the facial region, such as fractures, tumors, infections, and congenital abnormalities.